Received:
2018-02-20 | Accepted:
2018-05-17 | Published:
2018-06-30
Title
Water as freedom in the Brazilian Amazon
Abstract
Universal access to the commons, such as to clean water, might be seen as a strong challenge to development as freedom. Beyond water scarcity, several regions are already suffering from lack of access, even where water is abundant. Meanwhile, climate change, overpopulation and agricultural demand are severely affecting the quality and availability of water resources. At the global level, concerns about water are tied to the Amazon Region, which contains the greatest potential water stock in the world, and which simultaneously faces the worst troubles in access and supply. This paper is therefore aimed at pointing out the role inclusive social innovations can play in mitigating the impact of growing water shortages and securing effective water use. After a first introduction to Brazil, Amazonas and Parà state statistics on water-related aspects, the research focuses on results emerging from the AguaSociAL project.
Keywords
Brazilian Amazon, water management, natural resources, social innovation, freedom
JEL classifications
Q25
, Q53
, Q55
, Q56
, Q57
URI
http://jssidoi.org/jesi/article/185
DOI
HAL
Pages
812-826
Funding
This research was supported by the project AguaSociAL, an FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IRSES - Marie Curie Action "International Research Staff Exchange Scheme", Grant Agreement Number 612633
This is an open access issue and all published articles are licensed under a
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
References
Ana. 2016. Conjuntura dos recursos hídricos no Brasil. Informe 2016.
Search via ReFindit
Andreae, M.O.; Acevedo O.C.; Araùjo, A.; Artaxo, P.; Barbosa, C.G.G.; Barbosa, H.M.J.; Brito, J.; Carbone S.; Chil., X.; Cintra, B.B.L.; da Silva, N.F.; Dias, N.L.; Dias-Júnior, C.Q.; Ditas, F.; Ditz, R.; Godoi A.F.L.; Godoi, R.H.M.; Heimann, M.; Hoffmann, T.; Kesselmeier, J.; Könemann, T.; Krüger, M.L.; Lavric, J.V.; Manzi, A.O.; Lopes, A.P.; Martins, D.L.; Mikhailov, E.F.; Moran-Zuloaga, D.; Nelson, B.W.; Nölscher, A.C.; Santos Nogueira, D.; Piedade, M.T.F.; Pöhlker, C.; Pöschl, U.; Quesada, C.A.; Rizzo L. V.; Ro, C.-U.; Ruckteschler, N.; Sá, L.D.A.; de Oliveira Sá, M.; Sales C. B.; dos Santos, R.M.N.; Saturno, J.; Schöngart, J.; Sörgel, M.; de Souza, C.M.; de Souza, R.A.F.; Su, H.; Targhetta, N.; Tóta, J.; Trebs, I.; Trumbore, S.; van Eijck, A.; Walter, D.; Wang, Z.; Weber, B.; Williams, J.; Winderlich, J.; Wittmann, F.; Wolff, S.; & Yáñez-Serrano, A.M. 2015, The Amazon Tall Tower Observatory (ATTO): overview of pilot measurements on ecosystem ecology, meteorology, trace gases, and aerosols, Copernicus Pub lications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-10723-2015
Search via ReFindit
Arpa. 2014. The Amazon region Protected Areas Programme (ARPA). Brasilia.
Search via ReFindit
BRICS Joint Statistical Publication. 2015. Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa. Rosstat, M.: “Statistics of Russia”.
Search via ReFindit
Caravaggio, N.; & Iorio, M. 2016. Management of Water Resources in the Amazon Region, Sustainable Ecological Engineering Design, 279-292. Springer, Cham.
Search via ReFindit
Caravaggio, N.; Costantini, V.; Iorio, M.; Monni, S.; & Paglialunga, E. 2018. The challenge of hydropower as a sustainable development alternative. Benefits and controversial effects in the case of the Brazilian Amazon, in Fadda, S.; & Tridico, P. (Eds.). Inequality and uneven development in the post-crisis world. London: Routledge.
Search via ReFindit
Cardoso, P.P.; Swan, A.D.; & Mendes, R. 2018. Exploring the key issues and stakeholders associated with the application of rainwater systems within the Amazon Region, Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, 5(4): 724-735. https://doi.org/10.9770/jesi.2018.5.4(2)
Search via ReFindit
Cavalcanti, G.M.P. 2014. Desigualdade de renda e crescimento econômico nos BRICS. Universidade de Brasilia, Departamento de Economia.
Search via ReFindit
CNN, Beautiful digital maps bring rivers to life, in CNN travel. Available online: https://edition.cnn.com/travel/article/river-maps-art/index.html?gallery=1
Search via ReFindit
Contipelli, E. 2016. Brazil: a short guide to comprehend its current institutional crisis. New York: IndraStra Global. Availale online: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.2176312
Search via ReFindit
Cori, A.; & Monni, S. 2015. Neo-extractivism and the Resource Curse Hypothesis: Evidence from Ecuador, Development, 58 (4): 594-607. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41301-016-0053-x
Search via ReFindit
Costantini, V.; & Monni, S. 2008, Sustainability and Human Development, Economia Politica - Journal of Analytical and Institutional Economics, 25 (1): 11⎼32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2007.05.011
Search via ReFindit
Costantini, V.; & Monni, S. 2008. Environment, Human Development and Economic Growth, Ecological Economics, 4: 867-880. 00328-X http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921-8009(07)
Search via ReFindit
de Farias, A.L.A. 2016. Política Estadual de Integração Regional do Pará: Limites, Contradições e Possibilidades de Desenvolvimento Territorial na Amazônia, in de Rocha, M. G. ; Teisserenc, P.; & Vasconcellos, M.S. (Ed.). Aprendizagem Territorial - Dinâmicas territoriais, Participação Social e Ação Local na Amazônia. Belém: NUMA/UFPA, 121-136.
Search via ReFindit
De Melo, M. d.; Medeiros, R. d.; Sampaio, P. d.; Vieira, G. 2018. Sustainability issues: riparian vegetation and its importance in the hydrological cycle in Amazonian ecosystems, Journal of Security and Sustainability Issues 7(4): 861-868. https://doi.org/10.9770/jssi.2018.7.4(21)
Search via ReFindit
De Muro, P.; Monni, S.; & Tridico, P. 2013. Development theories, economic policies and institutions: a dialectical evolution, in Fadda, S.; & Tridico, P. (Eds.). Institutions and economic development after the financial crisis. London: Routledge.
Search via ReFindit
Defense Intelligence Agency. 2012. Global Water Security, Intelligence Community.
Search via ReFindit
Domingues, J.M. 2002. A Dialética da Modernização Conservadora e a Nova História do Brasil. DADOS – Revista de Ciências Sociais, 45(3): 459-482.
Search via ReFindit
FAO. 2010. AQUASTAT. Available online: www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/main/index.stm
Search via ReFindit
FAO. 2010. FAOSTAT database. Available online: http://faostat.fao.org/
Search via ReFindit
FAO. 2011. The state of the world's land and water resources for food and agriculture (SOLAW) - Managing systems at risk. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
Search via ReFindit
Fapespa. 2016. Produto Interno Bruto Municipal 2014, Divulgação da série do PIB do Pará 2002 a 2014 (ano de referência 2010).
Search via ReFindit
Formiga Johnsson, R.M. 2014. Water Resources Management in Brazil: Challenges and new Perspectives, ANA.
Search via ReFindit
Gomes, G; & Silva da Cruz, C.A. 2016., Vinte anos de economia brasileira 1995-2015, Brasília: Centro de Altos Estudos Brasil Século XXI.
Search via ReFindit
IBGE. 2011. Atlas de saneamento.
Search via ReFindit
Iorio, M.; Monni, S.; & Brollo, B. 2018. The Brazilian Amazon: a Resource Curse or Renewed Colonialism? Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, 5(3): 438-451.
Search via ReFindit
IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. 2008. Technical Paper VI, in Bates, B.; Kundzewicz, Z.; Wu, S.; & Palutikof, J. (Eds.). Climate Change and Water. Geneva: IPCC Secretariat.
Search via ReFindit
Keynes, J.M. 1936. The general theory of employment, interest and money. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Search via ReFindit
MDS - Ministério do Desenvolvimento Social e Combate à Fome, 2011, Brasil sem miseria.
Search via ReFindit
Melo, M. da G.G.; Medeiros, R. da S.; Sampaio, P. de T.B.; & Vieira, G. 2018. Riparian vegetation and its importance in the hydrological cycle in Amazonian ecosystems, Journal of Security and Sustainability Issues, 7(4): 861-868. https://doi.org/10.9770/jssi.2018.7.4(21)
Search via ReFindit
MMA - Ministério do Meio Ambiente, 2006, Caderno da Região Hidrográfica Amazônica / Ministério do Meio Ambiente, Secretaria de Recursos Hídricos. Brasília.
Search via ReFindit
Monni, S. 2013. Oltre il velo di Maya: il ruolo delle idee e delle istituzioni, in Magazzino, C.; & Romagnoli, G.C. (Eds.). Legge di stabilità e politica economica in Italia. Milan: FrancoAngeli.
Search via ReFindit
Monni, S. 2015. Aguasocial – Un progetto per la gestione delle risorse idriche nell’Amazzonia brasiliana, Roma Tre News. 2/2015: 20-22, 21 Dicembre 2015.
Search via ReFindit
Morais, L.; & Saad-Filho, A. 2012. Neo-developmentalism and the challenges of economic policy-making under Dilma Rousseff, Critical Sociology, 38(6): 789-798.
Search via ReFindit
Muniz, J.; da Gloria, M.; de Melo, G.; Liberato, M., A., R.; Wahnfried, I.; & Vieira, G. 2018. Towards sustainability: allowance rights for using water resources in Amazonas State of Brazil, Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, 5(4): 761-779. https://doi.org/10.9770/jesi.2018.5.4(5)
Search via ReFindit
OECD. 2015. Economic survey of Brazil - Reigniting inclusive growth. Paris: OECD Publishing. Available online: http://www.oecd.org/brazil/economic-survey-brazil.htm
Search via ReFindit
OECD. 2015. Water resources governance in Brazil. Paris: OECD Publishing.
Search via ReFindit
Pinto, L.F. 2011. Tucuruí, a barragem da ditadura. Edição Jornal Pessoal.
Search via ReFindit
PNUD; FJP; & IPEA. 2016. Desenvolvimento Humano nas Macrorregiões Brasileiras, Brasilia.
Search via ReFindit
Rocha, G. M.; Neves, M. B. 2018. Hydroelectric projects and territorial governance in regions of The State of Pará, Brazilian Amazon, Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, 5(3): 712-723. https://doi.org/10.9770/jesi.2018.5.4(1)
Search via ReFindit
Schiffer, A.; & Swan, A. 2018. Water Security: a summary of key findings exploring islands in Brazil, Security and Sustainability Issues, 7(4): 855-860. https://doi.org/10.9770/jssi.2018.7.4(20)
Search via ReFindit
Secretariat for Social Communication Presidency of the Federative Republic of Brazil. 2012. Biodiversity in Brazil.
Search via ReFindit
Sen, A. 1999. Development as Freedom. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Search via ReFindit
Tvaronavičienė, M; Gatautis, R. 2017. Peculiarities of income distribution in selected countries, Economics and Sociology 10(4): 113-123. https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789X.2017/10-4/9
Search via ReFindit
UNDESA. 2018. World Urbanization Prospects 2018. Available online: https://esa.un.org/unpd/wup/Country-Profiles/
Search via ReFindit
United Nations Development Programme. 2016. UNDP. Available online: http://hdr.undp.org/sites/all/themes/hdr_theme/country-notes/BRA.pdf
Search via ReFindit
United Nations. 2009. World population prospects: the 2008 revision population database. New York: UN Population Division.
Search via ReFindit
United Nations. 2010. Climate Change Adaptation: the Pivotal Role of Water. New York: UN Water.
Search via ReFindit
World Bank. 2016. Overview. Available online: http://www.worldbank.org/en/country/brazil/overview
Search via ReFindit
World Water Council. 2015. Secure, adapt, sustain. WWC Strategy, 2016-2018. Marseille: World Water Council.
Search via ReFindit