ESC

Clarivate

JCR Category: Business in ESCI edition

Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues Open access
Journal Impact FactorTM (2023) 1.2 Q4
Journal Citation IndicatorTM (2023) 0.33 Q3
Received: 2022-11-18  |  Accepted: 2023-03-12  |  Published: 2023-03-30

Title

Digital innovation government: organizational and energy analysis in Italian hospitals


Abstract

Analyzing the complex structures of 1062 Italian hospitals, the present research aims at evaluating the performance relating to the sustainable energy management. The monitoring activities were carried out both to analyze the building and structural context and to analyze the energy consumption of Italian hospitals during the period 2016-2022. Furthermore, the paper elaborates a comparative analysis the other European countries, highlighting how is possible to improve the energy efficiency of Italian hospitals. The energy analysis concerned the breakdown of electricity consumption, analysis of the consumption of the last six years derived from the monthly bills of hospitals, the consumption now, distribution of electricity consumption, and air conditioning needs; the organizational analysis concerned the plant characteristics of the structure, the age of the building and building maintenance over the last 6 years. In the discussion, possible solutions emerge, operational interventions, to make the energy management of hospitals, more efficient. The presence of different services provided highlight different profiles of energy consumption linked to two main categories: hotel-type consumption for the well-being of patients and staff and consumption more closely related to health functions supported by treatment and diagnosis equipment. In recent years, numerous opportunities for energy upgrading of buildings have not been implemented by creating energy profiles of obsolete and inefficient hospital facilities. In this context, the role of the energy manager and the presence of structures dedicated to energy management emerge as the main bottlenecks for achieving better energy efficiency. After the introduction, the paper elaborates a conceptual background focused on sustainable energy management. The section 3 show the methodology applied, the main results are included in section 4 and the discussion section have been developed in section 5. Finally, the conclusion highlights that the sustainable energy management is an open question and the output of discussion linked to the research suggest that the hospitals' energy efficiency must be seen as under constant development and re-interpretation.


Keywords

energy policy, digital technologies, government, health


JEL classifications

I18 , P46 , O33 , O32 , M12 , C54 , C30


URI

http://jssidoi.org/jesi/article/1063


DOI


Pages

214-230


Funding

This research was supported by the project, SSCeGov VALERE which has received funding from the University Studie of Campania – Luigi Vanvitelli, Italy

This is an open access issue and all published articles are licensed under a
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

Authors

Marino, Alfonso
University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy https://www.unicampania.it
Articles by this author in: CrossRef |  Google Scholar

Pariso, Paolo
University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy https://www.unicampania.it
Articles by this author in: CrossRef |  Google Scholar

Journal title

Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues

Volume

10


Number

3


Issue date

March 2023


Issue DOI


ISSN

ISSN 2345-0282 (online)


Publisher

VšĮ Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Center, Vilnius, Lithuania

Cited

Google Scholar

Article views & downloads

HTML views: 905  |  PDF downloads: 534

References


Ai, H., Zhong, T., & Zhou, Z. (2022). The real economic costs of COVID-19: Insights from electricity consumption data in Hunan Province, China. Energy Economics, 105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2021.105747

Search via ReFindit


Ait Aoudia, F., Gautier, M., & Berder, O. (2018). RLMan: An Energy Manager Based on Reinforcement Learning for Energy Harvesting Wireless Sensor Networks. IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking, 2(2), 408–417. https://doi.org/10.1109/tgcn.2018.2801725

Search via ReFindit


Alola, A. A., Bekun, F. V., & Sarkodie, S. A. (2019). Dynamic impact of trade policy, economic growth, fertility rate, renewable and non-renewable energy consumption on ecological footprint in Europe. Science of the Total Environment, 685, 702-709. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.139

Search via ReFindit


Alola, A. A., Ozturk, I., & Bekun, F. V. (2021). Is clean energy prosperity and technological innovation rapidly mitigating sustainable energy-development deficit in selected sub-Saharan Africa? A myth or reality. Energy Policy, 158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2021.112520

Search via ReFindit


Alzubaidi, S., & Soori, P. K. (2012). Energy efficient lighting system design for hospitals diagnostic and treatment room—a case study. Journal of light & visual environment, 36(1), 23-31. https://doi.org/10.2150/jlve.36.23

Search via ReFindit


Awada, M., Becerik-Gerber, B., Hoque, S., O'Neill, Z., Pedrielli, G., Wen, J., & Wu, T. (2021). Ten questions concerning occupant health in buildings during normal operations and extreme events including the COVID-19 pandemic. Building and Environment, 188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2020.107480

Search via ReFindit


Baltussen, R., Marsh, K., Thokala, P., Diaby, V., Castro, H., Cleemput, I., & Broekhuizen, H. (2019). Multicriteria decision analysis to support health technology assessment agencies: benefits, limitations, and the way forward. Value in Health, 22(11), 1283-1288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2019.06.014

Search via ReFindit


Bellini, V., Guzzon, M., Bigliardi, B. et al. (2020). Artificial Intelligence: A New Tool in Operating Room Management. Role of Machine Learning Models in Operating Room Optimization. J Med Syst 44, 20 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-019-1512-1

Search via ReFindit


Bygstad, B., & Øvrelid, E. (2020). Architectural alignment of process innovation and digital infrastructure in a high-tech hospital. European Journal of Information Systems, 29(3), 220-237. https://doi.org/10.1080/0960085X.2020.1728201

Search via ReFindit


Castán Broto, V., & Kirshner, J. (2020). Energy access is needed to maintain health during pandemics. Nature Energy, 5(6), 419–421. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-020-0625-6

Search via ReFindit


Clarke, C. E., Hart, P. S., Schuldt, J. P., Evensen, D. T., Boudet, H. S., Jacquet, J. B., & Stedman, R. C. (2015). Public opinion on energy development: the interplay of issue framing, top-of-mind associations, and political ideology. Energy Policy, 81, 131-140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2015.02.019

Search via ReFindit


Di Martino, B., Marino, A., Rak, M., & Pariso, P. (2019). Optimization and Validation of eGovernment Business Processes with Support of Semantic Techniques. Complex, Intelligent, and Software Intensive Systems, 827–836. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22354-0_76

Search via ReFindit


Dominguez-Delgado, A., Domínguez-Torres, H., & Domínguez-Torres, C. A. (2020). Energy and economic life cycle assessment of cool roofs applied to the refurbishment of social housing in southern Spain. Sustainability, 12(14). https://doi.org/10.3390/su12145602

Search via ReFindit


Economidou, M., Ringel, M., Valentova, M., Castellazzi, L., Zancanella, P., Zangheri, P., Bertoldi, P. (2022). Strategic energy and climate policy planning: Lessons learned from European energy efficiency policies. Energy Policy, 171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2022.113225

Search via ReFindit


Economidou, M., Todeschi, V., Bertoldi, P., D'Agostino, D., Zangheri, P., & Castellazzi, L. (2020). Review of 50 years of EU energy efficiency policies for buildings. Energy and Buildings, 225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2020.110322

Search via ReFindit


ENEA (2022) https://www.espa.enea.it/prodotti-e-servizi/software-per-l-autovalutazione-del-grado-di-efficienza-energetica-della-pmi.html

Search via ReFindit


Enea (2022) Rapporto Annuale sull'EFFICIENZA ENERGETICA 2021 (last download December 2022) https://www.efficienzaenergetica.enea.it/pubblicazioni/raee-rapporto-annuale-sull-efficienza-energetica/rapporto-annuale-sull-efficienza-energetica-2022.html

Search via ReFindit


European Union (2022) (last access Nov. 2022) https://energy.ec.europa.eu/index_en

Search via ReFindit


European Union Agency for Network and Information Security “ENISA”. Smart hospitals. Security and resilience for smart health service and infrastructures. www.enisa.europa.eu. Last Accessed Nov. 2022

Search via ReFindit


Eurostat (2022) https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Energy_statistics_-_an_overview&action=statexp-seat&lang=it

Search via ReFindit


Eurostat (2022) https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Energy_statistics_-_an_overview&action=statexp-seat&lang=it

Search via ReFindit


Fawcett, T., & Killip, G. (2019). Re-thinking energy efficiency in European policy: Practitioners' use of ‘multiple benefits’ arguments. Journal of Cleaner Production, 210, 1171-1179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.11.026

Search via ReFindit


Fischer, G. S., da Rosa Righi, R., de Oliveira Ramos, G., da Costa, C. A., & Rodrigues, J. J. (2020). ElHealth: Using Internet of Things and data prediction for elastic management of human resources in smart hospitals. Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence, 87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engappai.2019.103285

Search via ReFindit


Fox, M., Zuidema, C., Bauman, B., Burke, T., & Sheehan, M. (2019). Integrating public health into climate change policy and planning: state of practice update. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(18). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16183232

Search via ReFindit


Giraudet, L. G. (2020). Energy efficiency as a credence good: A review of informational barriers to energy savings in the building sector. Energy Economics, 87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2020.104698

Search via ReFindit


Grillone, B., Danov, S., Sumper, A., Cipriano, J., & Mor, G. (2020). A review of deterministic and data-driven methods to quantify energy efficiency savings and to predict retrofitting scenarios in buildings. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2020.110027

Search via ReFindit


International Energy Agency (2022) (last access Nov. 2022) https://www.iea.org/reports/world-energy-outlook-2022

Search via ReFindit


Ismail, A., Abdlerazek, S., & El-Henawy, I. M. (2020). Development of smart healthcare system based on speech recognition using support vector machine and dynamic time warping. Sustainability, 12(6). https://doi.org/10.3390/su12062403

Search via ReFindit


Istat (2022) # http://dati.istat.it/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=DCIS_OSPEDSSN

Search via ReFindit


Johnson, H. C., Gossner, C. M., Colzani, E., Kinsman, J., Alexakis, L., Beauté, J., ... & Ekdahl, K. (2020). Potential scenarios for the progression of a COVID-19 epidemic in the European Union and the European Economic Area, March 2020. Eurosurveillance, 25(9). https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917

Search via ReFindit


Kahouli, B. (2018). The causality link between energy electricity consumption, CO2 emissions, R&D stocks and economic growth in Mediterranean countries (MCs). Energy, 145, 388-399. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2017.12.136

Search via ReFindit


Khadim, N., Agliata, R., Marino, A., Thaheem, M. J., & Mollo, L. (2022). Critical review of nano and micro-level building circularity indicators and frameworks. Journal of Cleaner Production. 357, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.131859

Search via ReFindit


Khan, I., Hou, F., Zakari, A., & Tawiah, V. K. (2021). The dynamic links among energy transitions, energy consumption, and sustainable economic growth: A novel framework for IEA countries. Energy, 222. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2021.119935

Search via ReFindit


Klemeš, J. J., Van Fan, Y., & Jiang, P. (2020). The energy and environmental footprints of COVID-19 fighting measures–PPE, disinfection, supply chains. Energy, 211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2020.118701

Search via ReFindit


Kumar, S., Raut, R. D., & Narkhede, B. E. (2020). A proposed collaborative framework by using artificial intelligence-internet of things (AI-IoT) in COVID-19 pandemic situation for healthcare workers. International Journal of Healthcare Management, 13(4), 337-345. https://doi.org/10.1080/20479700.2020.1810453

Search via ReFindit


Lal, A., Erondu, N. A., Heymann, D. L., Gitahi, G., & Yates, R. (2021). Fragmented health systems in COVID-19: rectifying the misalignment between global health security and universal health coverage. The Lancet, 397, 61-67. 32228-5 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)

Search via ReFindit


Li, Y., Kubicki, S., Guerriero, A., & Rezgui, Y. (2019). Review of building energy performance certification schemes towards future improvement. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2019.109244

Search via ReFindit


Li, Y.H., & Zhang, B.S. (2022). Relational governance and performances of supplier alliance: mediating effect of knowledge transfer. Transformations in Business & Economics, Vol. 21, No 2A (56A), pp.549-566.

Search via ReFindit


Liang, X., Shen, G. Q., & Guo, L. (2019). Optimizing incentive policy of energy-efficiency retrofit in public buildings: a principal-agent model. Sustainability, 11(12). https://doi.org/10.3390/su11123442

Search via ReFindit


Liang, X., Yu, T., Hong, J., & Shen, G. Q. (2019). Making incentive policies more effective: An agent-based model for energy-efficiency retrofit in China. Energy Policy, 126, 177-189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2018.11.029

Search via ReFindit


Liu, H., Khan, I., Zakari, A., & Alharthi, M. (2022). Roles of trilemma in the world energy sector and transition towards sustainable energy: A study of economic growth and the environment. Energy Policy, 170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2022.113238

Search via ReFindit


MacNaughton, P., Cao, X., Buonocore, J., Cedeno-Laurent, J., Spengler, J., Bernstein, A., & Allen, J. (2018). Energy savings, emission reductions, and health co-benefits of the green building movement. J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol, 28(4), 307-318. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41370-017-0014-9

Search via ReFindit


Marino, A. (2001). The tourist sector: public versus private—the Italian and Spanish experience. Tourism Management, 22(1), 43-48. DOI10.1016/S0261-5177(00)00023-6

Search via ReFindit


Marino, A. & Pariso, P. (2021a). E-tourism: How ICTs Help the Local Tourist District Drive Economic Vitality. The Case of Campania, Italy. International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management (IJITM), 18(03), 1-25. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219877021500097

Search via ReFindit


Marino, A., & Pariso, P. (2021). Human resource management in public transports: organizational typologies and research actions. VINE Journal of Information and Knowledge Management Systems, 51(03). https://doi.org/10.1108/VJIKMS-01-2021-0006

Search via ReFindit


Marino, A., & Pariso, P. (2022). Africa’s View of the Circular Economy: Bottlenecks and Opportunities. The International Journal of Environmental Sustainability, 19(2), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.18848/2325-1077/cgp/v19i02/1-16

Search via ReFindit


Martínez, S. H., Harmsen, R., Menkveld, M., Faaij, A., & Kramer, G. J. (2022). Municipalities as key actors in the heat transition to decarbonise buildings: Experiences from local planning and implementation in a learning context. Energy Policy, 169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2022.113169

Search via ReFindit


Martiniello, L., Morea, D., Paolone, F., & Tiscini, R. (2020). Energy performance contracting and public-private partnership: How to share risks and balance benefits. Energies, 13(14). https://doi.org/10.3390/en13143625

Search via ReFindit


Mavrotas, G., Diakoulaki, D., Florios, K., & Georgiou, P. (2008). A mathematical programming framework for energy planning in services’ sector buildings under uncertainty in load demand: The case of a hospital in Athens. Energy policy, 36(7), 2415-2429. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2008.01.011

Search via ReFindit


Moro Visconti, R., & Morea, D. (2020). Healthcare digitalization and pay-for-performance incentives in smart hospital project financing. International Journal of Environmental Research And Public Health, 17(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072318

Search via ReFindit


Mossialos, E., & Le Grand, J. (2019). Cost containment in the EU: an overview. Health care and cost containment in the European Union, 1-154. Routledge

Search via ReFindit


OECD (2021) (last accessed, 2022) https://data.oecd.org/energy.htm

Search via ReFindit


Pallis, P., Braimakis, K., Roumpedakis, T. C., Varvagiannis, E., Karellas, S., Doulos, L., ... & Vourliotis, P. (2021). Energy and economic performance assessment of efficiency measures in zero-energy office buildings in Greece. Building and Environment, 206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2021.108378

Search via ReFindit


Paparizos, C., Tsafas, N., & Birbas, M. (2020). A Zynq-based robotic system for treatment of contagious diseases in hospital isolated environment. Technologies, 8(2), 28. https://doi.org/10.3390/technologies8020028

Search via ReFindit


Patil, S., Kenia, N., & Gunatilake, H. (2021). Divide and Prosper? Impacts of power-distribution feeder separation on household energy-use, irrigation, and crop production. Energy Policy, 156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2021.112427

Search via ReFindit


Pichler, P. P., Jaccard, I. S., Weisz, U., & Weisz, H. (2019). International comparison of health care carbon footprints. Environmental Research Letters, 14(6), https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab19e1

Search via ReFindit


Prada, M., Prada, I. F., Cristea, M., Popescu, D. E., Bungău, C., Aleya, L., & Bungău, C. C. (2020). New solutions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions through energy efficiency of buildings of special importance–Hospitals. Science of the Total Environment, 718. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137446

Search via ReFindit


Ronaghi, M. H. (2022). Toward a model for assessing smart hospital readiness within the Industry 4.0 paradigm. Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management, (ahead-of-print). https://doi.org/10.1108/JSTPM-09-2021-0130

Search via ReFindit


Russo, M. A., Ruivo, L., Carvalho, D., Martins, N., & Monteiro, A. (2021). Decarbonizing the energy supply one pandemic at a time. Energy Policy, 159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2021.112644

Search via ReFindit


Saint Akadiri, S., Alola, A. A., Akadiri, A. C., & Alola, U. V. (2019). Renewable energy consumption in EU-28 countries: policy toward pollution mitigation and economic sustainability. Energy Policy, 132, 803-810. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2019.06.040

Search via ReFindit


Santiago, I., Moreno-Munoz, A., Quintero-Jiménez, P., Garcia-Torres, F., & Gonzalez-Redondo, M. J. (2021). Electricity demand during pandemic times: The case of the COVID-19 in Spain. Energy policy, 148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2020.111964

Search via ReFindit


Sarkis, J. (2020). Supply chain sustainability: learning from the COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 41(1), 63-73. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOPM-08-2020-0568

Search via ReFindit


Sebastian, M. P. (2019). Smart hospitals: challenges and opportunities. Indian Institute of Management Kozhikode Working papers (315). https://iimk.ac.in/uploads/publications/3052smartHospitals_MPS2019.pdf

Search via ReFindit


Smol, M. (2022). Is the green deal a global strategy? Revision of the green deal definitions, strategies and importance in post-COVID recovery plans in various regions of the world. Energy Policy, 169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2022.113152

Search via ReFindit


Su, B., Goh, T., Ang, B. W., & Ng, T. S. (2022). Energy consumption and energy efficiency trends in Singapore: The case of a meticulously planned city. Energy Policy, 161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2021.112732

Search via ReFindit


Szczygielski, J. J., Brzeszczyński, J., Charteris, A. & Bwanya. P. R. (2021). The COVID-19 storm and the energy sector: The impact and role of uncertainty. Energy Economics, 109, 105258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2021.105258

Search via ReFindit


Tavakoli, M., Carriere, J., & Torabi, A. (2020). Robotics, Smart Wearable Technologies, and Autonomous Intelligent Systems for Healthcare During the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Analysis of the State of the Art and Future Vision. Advanced Intelligent Systems, 2, 7. https://doi.org/10.1002/aisy.202000071

Search via ReFindit


Vaziri, S. M., Rezaee, B., & Monirian, M. A. (2020). Utilizing renewable energy sources efficiently in hospitals using demand dispatch. Renewable Energy, 151, 551-562. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2019.11.053

Search via ReFindit


Wen, J., Okolo, C. V., Ugwuoke, I. C., & Kolani, K. (2022). Research on influencing factors of renewable energy, energy efficiency, on technological innovation. Does trade, investment and human capital development matter? Energy Policy, 160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2021.112718

Search via ReFindit


Weyman-Jones, T. G. (2019). Energy in Europe: Issues and Policies. Routledge.

Search via ReFindit


Woll, A., & Tørresen, J. (2023). What is a Smart Hospital? A Review of the Literature. Human-Automation Interaction, 145-165. Springer

Search via ReFindit


Yang, Q., Zhang, L., Zou, S., & Zhang, J. (2020). Intertemporal optimization of the coal production capacity in China in terms of uncertain demand, economy, environment, and energy security. Energy Policy, 139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2020.111360

Search via ReFindit


Yap, S. F., Xu, Y., & Tan, L. (2021). Coping with crisis: The paradox of technology and consumer vulnerability. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 45(6), 1239-1257. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.12724

Search via ReFindit


Yu, L., Wu, S., Jiang, L., Ding, B., & Shi, X. (2022). Do more efficient buildings lead to lower household energy consumption for cooling? Evidence from Guangzhou, China. Energy Policy, 168, 13119 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2022.113119

Search via ReFindit


Yun, B. Y., Park, J. H., Yang, S., Wi, S., & Kim, S. (2020). Integrated analysis of the energy and economic efficiency of PCM as an indoor decoration element: Application to an apartment building. Solar Energy, 196, 437-447. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2019.12.006

Search via ReFindit


Zavadil, M., Rogalewicz, V., Vaclavikova, A., Gavurova, B., & Bilan, S. (2020). Application of HB-HTA Methods in an Economic Quantification of Processes Covering Laboratory Technology in Hospitals. Transformations in Business & Economics, Vol. 19, No 1 (49), pp.53-84.

Search via ReFindit


Zhou, X., Cai, Z., Tan, K. H., Zhang, L., Du, J., & Song, M. (2021). Technological innovation and structural change for economic development in China as an emerging market. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2021.120671

Search via ReFindit